Vital Pieces of Grade 3-4 Persuasive Writing Essay Samples

Vital Pieces of Grade 3-4 Persuasive Writing Essay Samples The Lost Secret of Grade 3-4 Persuasive Writing Essay Samples As you pay for homework, we provide those options at no cost. PaperCoach will be able to help you with all your papers, so take a look at the moment! In 10th grade, students ought to be in a position to write and complete written compositions on a normal basis. A principal point is the aim of the human body paragraph. This is another way it is possible to add value to this magnificent persuasive display. That's to say, they place the support beside the principal point but don't clearly explain the relation between both or the way in which they connect. You should have your reasons, and our principal concern is that you find yourself getting an excellent grade. Though some say totally free public transportation would assist the environment and decrease traffic, others think totally free public transportation is too pricey, and the government can't afford to cover it. Our customer support will gladly tell you whether there are any special offers at the present time, along with make sure you are getting the very best service our business can deliver. Though people believe education is a correct and will make society, overall, a better place for everybody, others feel there's no real method to provide a free college education as colleges would still must be funded (likely through tax dollars). Just choose suitable option or request our competent guidance. All of the chief points ought to be concisely mentioned in the preview. One of the absolute most important ways they do so is through dress. Persuade your sister or brother to assist you talk your parents into something you would like to do. Keep reading to discover some helpful ideas, h ints, and tactics. Drunk drivers ought to be imprisoned on the very first offense. There aren't any yellow school buses in my previous city. Smoking ought to be banned for everyone. Cutting fewer trees will earn a difference in the surroundings. Any sentence which is not furthering my thesis is distracting from it and should be taken off. As a way to write persuasively about this subject, you will need some evidence to back up your argument. Typically, this kind of an essay stipulates a coherent stream of suggestions to demonstrate that one paradigm is more valid than the other. When you revise your essay, you've got to make sure its organization is totally appropriate to your intended audience, the paper context, and the objective. Within this lesson, we will look at characteristics of strong persuasive writing and the way you can use it in order to persuade others. It doesn't matter to us, whether you're too busy on the job concentrating on a passion undertaking, or simply tired of a seemingly infinite stream of assignments. Here's a list of a couple approaches that might help you end your persuasive essays more effectively. If you need assistance, contact us or place a purchase and our professionals will write a good example of persuasive essay you will totally like. Therefore, we've given you a couple of strategies on how best to compose persuasive essay introduction and what things to remember about in your body paragraphs. Each body paragraph should concentrate on a single argument, called the most important point. The introductory paragraph is perhaps the most essential paragraph in the essay because it's the very first and possibly last opportunity to produce an effect on the reader. Produces expository text utilizing appropriate form and fashion in response to prompt. They are practicing all kinds of essays and are predicted to make effort-free pieces. The variety of lessons necessary to finish this task may change from class to class. These points illustrate how to compose a persuasive essay step-by-step. It is essential for writers to preview their primary points in the specific order that they'll be developed. A great deal of students have a tendency to find writing a persuasive essay somewhat challenging as a result of essence of the essay and its dynamics. Everybody should have to exercise every single day. There ought to be a particular time for the library, mandatory for every single student.

Fear in the Characters of The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay

Inside us all there is a deep dark fear this is what grabs us by the thresh hold of life. It controls the most important aspects of our lives. This is found within the deepest and darkest chasms of our souls. The very creature that wreaks havoc in our minds we cage and never confront we lock this beast away to afraid to overcome it. If the beast is not confronted it begins to contort and change who we are as a person and how we interact with others. Even the very decisions we make as a person to affect those around us and are loved ones to also suffer the consequences of our actions. Such as the crucible and how each person was warped into their own monster by greed. John proctor a simple man who had always done right by him and his†¦show more content†¦She is sent into a spiral of confusion for her lust of John Proctor and is sent by her beast to do irrational thinking and send out a spell asked of by Abigail to Tituba whos is the creator of the demons within herself and others. The actions to come from Abigail will not only get her sent out of the Proctor house but only swirl like a hurricane and suck others into the eye to grab there attention and escalate the true happenings of false accusations to behold the uncertainty of others in the village. Although Abigail did go to face her demon John himself but had failed to overcome her most desired need of him to be with her she did not have the strength inside her to overcome the fear of rejection in the end which lead her to think irrationally when this demon walks in her body like a devils play ground to do as he pleases so she may have her most desired possession. No matter what the d emon wants what it wants so she lies and proclaims false hoods on her fellow citizens and obtains followers to fall to her own cult which these demon uses to its advantage to cause the deaths of many citizens to gets it way. Although Abigail is still within the demon has taken control her worst fear has happened proctor no longer wants her so the demons reign has ended. She runs from the false hoods thatShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible: How Is It Relevant to Todays Society? Essay823 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crucible is a complex and intriguing novel with events, characters and themes comparable to almost every period of human history. It is common for humans to fear change and what is unknown, in the play The Crucible this is witchcraft and the devil, in more recent times it can be seen in post World War Two and Cold War United States, through McCarthyism. The themes in the crucible are as important to people in the 21st century as in Salem in 1692. These include justice, reputation, hysteria, intoleranceRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1269 Words   |  6 PagesAt first glance, the playwright Arthur Miller in The Crucible highlights the historical significance of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, but in fact it is an allegorical expression of his perception of McCarthyism. If the reader has some background information on Arthur Miller’s victimization as a communist, it is evident that the play is a didactic vessel illustrating th e flaws of the court system in the 1950’s. The communist allegations were launched at government employees, entertainers and writersRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller841 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crucible is a chaotic play, throughout this American classic Arthur Miller takes the reader through multiple events of terror and insanity. While creating a great on-stage play, Arthur Miller portrays his life through the events, the characters, and plot of The Crucible. Using vivid imagery and comprehensible symbolism, Miller manipulates the real personalities of the characters and events in 1600 Salem, Massachusetts to create a symbolic autobiography. Throughout this play, the reader experiencesRead MoreAnalyzation of Characters in the Crucible Essay700 Words   |  3 PagesShah Akbur Ms. Jones AP Language 1 December 2009 The Crucible True Purpose One of the factors that can be accredited to starting the hysteria over witchery in the Crucible is the weakness of several of the characters in the story. The fear and lack of mental stability of these characters are a pivotal reason as to why these trials took place. It was Parris’s fear of his reputation being tarnished by his daughter’ssickness that led him to bring John Hale which eventually spirals downRead MoreMccarthyism : The Crucibles 1559 Words   |  7 Pagesaccusations of witchcraft. Arthur Miller who wrote â€Å"The Crucibles† uses the theme of how fear can motivate you to make different kind of actions to compare to MCcarthyism that occurred in 1950s. In the 1950s, Joseph McCarthy was accusing citizens of communists with no proof, which is what Danforth the judge did in the book; accuses people of doing witchcraft without any evidence. Arthur Miller showcases each character with unique character traits to represent MCcarthyism. What can fear do to us? What canRead MoreEssay about The Fear of the Noose in The Crucible by Arthur Miller713 Words   |  3 Pages As one experience’s fear each day, it begins to enhance and branch out towards everyone around them. This is the issue in the book The Crucible by Arthur Miller. Arthur Miller establishes a period in the American history known as the Salem witch trials of 1692. It is a well built Puritan society in which the citizens are bonded with the church. During this time McCarthyism was in play, it was the anti-communist suspicions into the U.S. The theme in the story The Crucible was honesty and truth versusRead MoreSocial Criticism in Arthur Millers The Crucible1003 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Criticism in Arthur Millers The Crucible The Crucible, a play written by Arthur Miller, is a chronological narrative including a large cast of characters with a constantly moving setting.* The Crucible is a dramatization of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692 and an allegory of the McCarthyism period. Throughout the play, Miller explores the destruction of freedom by the ignorant and tyrannical society in which his characters live.* By exhibiting how easily a member of the community can becomeRead MoreThe Overall Theme Of Hysteria In The Crucible By Arthur Miller722 Words   |  3 PagesI believe the overall theme of the play The Crucible centers around hysteria. Arthur Miller mentions in his essay â€Å"Why I Wrote the Crucible† the presence of fear and desperation in the wartime days that â€Å"formed The Crucible’s skeleton†. Arthur goes to hint at the similarity of â€Å"liberals who, despite their discomfort with the inquisitors’ violations of civil rights, were fearful, and with good reason, of being identified as covert Communists if they should protest too strongly†¦Ã¢â‚¬  to the villagersRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1191 Words   |  5 PagesThe Crucible Author s Purpose In the town of Salem in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, a mass of hysteria broke out. It all started in the spring of 1692, when a group of adolescent girls claimed the works of black magic within the village. This ultimately led to a â€Å"series of investigations and prosecutions that caused 19 convicted ‘witches’ to be hanged and many other suspects to be imprisoned† (Salem witch trials 1). Sparked by interest over such a series of tragic event, Arthur Miller produced anRead MoreEssay on Language in Arthur Millers The Crucible525 Words   |  3 PagesLanguage in Arthur Millers The Crucible One aspect of The Crucible that is really Important is the way that Arthur Miller writes, and the language that he has used. His style is rather simple, with simple sentence structure on the whole, and quite simple vocabulary, he wanted to keep everything simple in this way in The Crucible, to prevent focus being taken away from the plot and the problems that the characters were facing with each other. So Miller does keep

Decision Making and Motivational Interviewing

Question: Discuss about the Decision Making and Motivational Interviewing. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to analyze the case of Simon Jones who has undergone and abdominoperineal resection and develop a comprehensive care plan for Simon Jones post-operatively on the ward. It is based on the principle of patient-centered care and covers all the component of integration of care and continuity of care to provide physical and emotional comfort to patient (Elwyn et al. 2014). It discusses the professional responsibility of the care team in planning care for Simon based on long and short term goals. This will depend on patients health status post-surgery. The legal and ethical aspects of care are also discussed with special attention to patients optimum health and recovery. The report explains the rationale for the health professional who have the main role in providing care to Simon. Plan of care Simon Jones a retired army officer currently working as a book keeper had completed a faecal occult blood test (FoBT) and the review by the GP has found his bowel screening test gave positive result. He was referred to a colorectal surgeon, Mr Baker who reviews his case completes a colonoscopy on him after detection of lesion below the bowel. He was finally diagnosed with colorectal cancer and had to complete six week of chemotherapy and radiotherapy before operation. After six weeks of chemotherapy, he had an abdominoperineal resection to take out the sigmoid colon on his abdomen. He is transferred from theatre to recovery room with continous abdomen stitch and hydrocolloid dressin, perineal wound and indwelling catheter. The care plan of Simon Jones will depend on his condition post surgery. On admission to PACU, he was difficult to arouse, had elevated pulse rate and he was grimacing and writhing with pain in the bed. In case of management of postoperative pain in Simons, care plan will depend on psychological condition, sensitivity to analgesics and intraoperative course in treatment. Review of medications and anesthesia given to patients intraoperatively will also help in determining appropriate care plan for Simons (Story et al. 2015). During surgery, his bowel was transected, sigmoid colon was exteriorized and abdominal wound was closed with muscular and skin stitch. A perineal incision was also made to remove his rectum. He had a stoma site and transparent drainage stoma bag in situ. He has also been given a triflow to clear secretions and blocked mucus. To facilitate recovery, it will be necessary for the patient to do breathing and bed exercise. Deep breathing and bed exercise is essential to check chest infection and keep lungs inflated. Patient tend to become weak after surgery and lack of breath may cause lung problems in patients such as pneumonia. Hence a therapist support may help Simon to do breathing exercise. It will help to check postoperative pulmonary complication in patient (Silva et al. 2013). Another important part of care plan for Simon is to take care for his stoma and wounds post-operation. It will be necessary to teach him how to take care of the stoma. Stoma is a small opening made by surgeon during the abdominopereneal resection to create passage for passing off of waste from the body. Unlike anus, the stoma does not has sphincter muscles, hence a stomal bag is necessary to collect waste. A stomatal therapy nurse may assist patients like Simon to provide stoma care education and assess Simon for peri-stomal skin action and bowel consistency. This will comprise giving teachings on removing soiled ostomy bags and cleaning the stoma. Improving Simons skill in coleostomy is very important so that he can independently manage his ostomy at home after discharge (Barnwell 2015). In the long term, it is also possible that Simons stoma will shrink, so he needs to check for the shrinkage as in that case new ostomy bags with small holes will be required (Williams 2015). Regular consultation with stomal therapy nurse will be necessary to control any chance of stomal necrosis and ulceration near the area. Simon should also be advised to clean dry the stoma area and empty the ostomy pouch always to prevent skin breakdown and reduce skin irritation. This care plan will help to maintain integrity of the skin area around the stoma (Boyles and Hunt 2016). Research studies have also showed that this form of stoma care education helps patients to adapt coping strategies to manage the newly formed stoma (Williams 2015). Another care plan for Simon is to take care for his perineal wounds and incision. It is possible that there might be leakage from the wounds and patients may need support from nurse to clean the wounds. Simon will be discouraged from sitting for long hours as this may cause his incision to open up and drain. Gauze damp dressing is also required around the wound and Simon must be advised by the nurse to pat dry the incision after taking shower. Nurse may also educate him to refer to the surgeon immediately in case he notices redness around the incision (Althumairi et al. 2016). Impaired perineal wound healing is a major challenge in caring for patients post abdominoperineal resection as research shows that radiotherapy increases wound problems (Musters et al. 2014). Simon had undergone six weeks radiotherapy and chemotherapy before operation which might make him vulnerable for perineal wound problems. Research has also indicated that the use of negative pressure therapy might be an ef fective intervention to improve wound healing and reduce perineal complications in patients (Sumrien et al. 2016). Simon has been restricted from many taking foods that might cause diarrhea and constipation. The restricted diet post operation might have made him vulnerable to nutritional impairment. The diet plan of Simon should be made such that nutritional needs are met. He should start eating solid food gradually to reduce the chance of abdominal cramps and nausea. Foods high in cellulose and grapes, cabbage and bananas as these foods increase ileal effluents. Patients with abdominoperineal resection often complains about abdominal bloating and nausea post operation, hence they must be advised to eat slowly to understand what they can tolerate (Gillis et al. 2016). As Simon is taking many narcotic drugs, it might lead to side-effects of constipation. Hence the surgeon reconsiders the side effects of each medication before advising it to such patients. Besides this medication management is required to reduce chance of complication in patient. Simon is most likely to experience fear and anxiety post-operation and the wound complication and disease process may cause him acute pain. It will be extremely necessary to address pain and provide them relief through relaxation skills. Measures like repositioning and mouth care will help to prevent discomfort and promote relaxation. Although little ambulation is recommended however he should be discouraged front sitting for long houses. Ambulation is important post-operatively to reduce muscle stiffness and increase opportunities of normal functioning in Simon (Vignali et al. 2016). Ambulatory assistance can be provided by a nurse or a physiotherapist. Patients experience chronic pain in the pelvic area after the rectal cancer treatment and in that case appropriate pain management is necessary to improve the quality of life of patients. Surgeon will help to decide the appropriate pain medication for Simon in case of continuous acute pain (Feddern et al. 2015). Legal and ethical considerations in care Considering the case of Simon Jones, there are many legal and ethical issues involved in Simons care and treatment. Firstly the health professionals involved in treatment of Simon Jones need to ensure that they deliver holistic care to Simon and cover all aspects of patient assessment. The legal and ethical responsibilities before the surgery are to make patient aware of the purpose of surgery and give detail on any risk involved in the surgery. The legal responsibility for health professionals is to take informed consent of patients, understand patients right and maintain confidentiality of patients record (Cainzos and Gonzalez-Vinagre 2014). The current medico-legal litigation makes it necessary for health professionals to provide all appropriate information about treatment so that they can engage in shared decision making and give informed consent for the treatment. Autonomy, capacity and disclosure are the three criteria to effective informed consent process. It is a complex proc ess however this stage is important develops trust based relationship with patients. Many ethical and legal issues might arise if health professionals do not engage in this process effectively (Cawich et al. 2013). Simons surgeon Mr. Baker gave detail of each phase of treatment to Simon and rational for those treatment. For example after the CT scan he explains him that his cancer is very close to the anus and operation on the lower part of the bowel is necessary. He also took care to explain every detail of the surgery and the risk of complications in it related to wounds, infection and sexual impairment. Hence, this helps in fulfilling the legal and ethical aspects in care before surgery and also enables people to effectively engage in shared decision making. After the surgery, the stoma care nurse and other nurse will play a vital part in caring for Simon and managing his recovery. The day to day ethical and mental status of patients may not be the same; hence they may face many dilemmas in care. However in any situation, it is their ethical responsibility to maintain patients advocacy in planning and provide safe patient-centered care. In health care setting, ethical issues might arise in the area of autonomy, beneficence (doing good), non-maleficence (avoiding harm), justice, veracity and fidelity. In the area of autonomy, the nurse has to maintain and respect patients privacy and rights while giving Simon stoma care education. In the case study, it was found that Liz communicated with Simon in each stage of treatment and was constantly involved in updating him about stoma care (Kadam and Shinde 2014). According to the principle of beneficence and non-maleficence, a nurse has the responsibility to preoperatively determine the stoma sit e by interacting with patient and Liz did it in the case study. Nurse also has the duty to provide stoma care training to enhance patients quality of living and constantly take measures to prevent any harm to patients (Thorpe et al. 2014). Liz also did the same for Simon. Before the discharge of patient from hospital, stoma care nurse will have to provide care to patients and inform them about all the stoma resources available in the country so that patient familiarize with the product. This is a part of principle of justice in nursing and it assist patient to recognize the most appropriate stoma product for management of stoma (Barnwell 2015). All the issues related to problems of quality care can be avoided of the nurse maintains consistency in care by fulfilling all the ethical responsibilities involved in stoma care. Inter-professional considerations Simons treatment is managed by a inter-professional health care team like general practitioner and practice nurse before diagnosis, colorectal surgeon, colorectal support nurse, pathologist, radiologist, oncologist who were involved in care planning and treatment after diagnosis of rectal cancer. Stomal therapy nurse and pathology registered nurse were also involved in care preoperatively and post-operations. As this case study mainly focus on the care planning for Simon post-operation, the most critical part will be paid by the stomal therapy nurse. Stomal therapy nurse has been particularly regarding as the main contributor in care, because a patient with abdominopereneal resection can pass their waste only through stoma post-operations and lack of knowledge about stoma care might make their life very difficult. Hence, stomal care nurse plays a key role in providing support to Simon post-operations and develop his skills to understand all aspects of stoma care. They provide holisti c care patients and educate them about ways to change the stomal bag and maintain the skin integrity around the stoma (Davenport 2014). The stomal care nurse first starts interaction with patients before operations to determine the site of stoma which will be appropriate for patients. Then they play the main role in their recovery post operations to make patients comfortable with the stoma and the attached device. They give stoma care education related to bowel action from the stoma, keeping ostomy bag clean and infection free and changing pads regularly. They also give education on range of stomal bags which might be appropriate for patients and gives detail on places from where they can access all stoma resources and products. The main purpose is to make the patients manage his stoma and care for it independently to enhance his quality of living (Dutton et al. 2014). Conclusion The report on plan of care for Simon, a patient with abdominopereneal resection gives an idea about the ways to manage patients care to make the recovery process fast and quick. The care plan for assisting patients in ambulation and managing pulmonary infections will help to achieve short-term goal of protecting patients from any infections and other complication post surgery. Besides this the stoma care plan is a long-term outcome goal to make patients independent with stoma care to enhance his quality of living. From this report, it can be said that effective stoma care education is the most critical aspect of care for Simon and Liz, the stomal therapy nurse was committed to her job of consistently managing his wounds and provide stoma care education. References Althumairi, A.A., Canner, J.K., Gearhart, S.L., Safar, B., Sacks, J. and Efron, J.E., 2016. Predictors of perineal wound complications and prolonged time to perineal wound healing after abdominoperineal resection.World journal of surgery,40(7), pp.1755-1762 Barnwell, A., 2015. Advanced nursing practice in colorectal and stoma care.Gastrointestinal Nursing,13(1). Boyles, A. and Hunt, S., 2016. Care and management of a stoma: maintaining peristomal skin health.British Journal of Nursing,25(17). Cainzos, M.A. and Gonzalez-Vinagre, S., 2014. Informed consent in surgery.World journal of surgery,38(7), pp.1587-1593. Cawich, S.O., Barnett, A.T., Crandon, I.W., Drew, S.D. and Gordon-Strachan, G., 2013. From the Patients Perspective: Is There a Need to Improve the Quality of Informed Consent for Surgery in Training Hospitals?.The Permanente Journal,17(4), p.22. Davenport, R., 2014. A proven pathway for stoma care: the value of stoma care services.Br J Nurs,23(22), pp.1174-80. Dutton, M., Chiarella, M. and Curtis, K., 2014. The role of the wound care nurse: an integrative review.British journal of community nursing. Elwyn, G., Dehlendorf, C., Epstein, R.M., Marrin, K., White, J. and Frosch, D.L., 2014. Shared decision making and motivational interviewing: achieving patient-centered care across the spectrum of health care problems.The Annals of Family Medicine,12(3), pp.270-275. Feddern, M.L., Jensen, T.S. and Laurberg, S., 2015. Chronic pain in the pelvic area or lower extremities after rectal cancer treatment and its impact on quality of life: a population-based cross-sectional study.Pain,156(9), pp.1765-1771. Gillis, C., Loiselle, S.E., Fiore, J.F., Awasthi, R., Wykes, L., Liberman, A.S., Stein, B., Charlebois, P. and Carli, F., 2016. Prehabilitation with whey protein supplementation on perioperative functional exercise capacity in patients undergoing colorectal resection for cancer: a pilot double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics,116(5), pp.802-812. Kadam, A. and Shinde, M.B., 2014. Effectiveness of structured education on caregivers knowledge and attitude regarding colostomy care.International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR),3(4), pp.586-593. Musters, G.D., Buskens, C.J., Bemelman, W.A. and Tanis, P.J., 2014. Perineal wound healing after abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diseases of the Colon Rectum,57(9), pp.1129-1139. Silva, Y.R., Li, S.K. and Rickard, M.J.F.X., 2013. Does the addition of deep breathing exercises to physiotherapy-directed early mobilisation alter patient outcomes following high-risk open upper abdominal surgery? Cluster randomised controlled trial.Physiotherapy,99(3), pp.187-193. Story, D.A., Botz, G.H. and Jones, D., 2015. The Role of Rapid Response Teams in the Post-operative Care of the High-Risk Cancer Patient.Current Anesthesiology Reports,5(3), pp.340-345. Sumrien, H., Newman, P., Burt, C., McCarthy, K., Dixon, A., Pullyblank, A. and Lyons, A., 2016. The use of a negative pressure wound management system in perineal wound closure after extralevator abdominoperineal excision (ELAPE) for low rectal cancer.Techniques in coloproctology,20(9), pp.627-631. Thorpe, G., McArthur, M. and Richardson, B., 2014. Healthcare experiences of patients following faecal output stoma-forming surgery: A qualitative exploration.International journal of nursing studies,51(3), pp.379-389. Vignali, A., Elmore, U., Cossu, A., Lemma, M., Cal, B., de Nardi, P. and Rosati, R., 2016. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway vs traditional care in laparoscopic rectal resection: a single-center experience.Techniques in coloproctology,20(8), pp.559-566. Williams, J., 2015.A qualitative exploration of the transmission of knowledge and skills by specialist stoma care nurses to facilitate the needs of patients adapting to a newly formed stoma(Doctoral dissertation).

The Positive and Negative Impacts of the Legalization of Marijuana Sample Essay Example For Students

The Positive and Negative Impacts of the Legalization of Marijuana Sample Essay Marijuana has been the beginning of much argument in recent old ages. Many believe that this works is particular. and that this works is less damaging than intoxicant or baccy. Some persons believe it offers more than merely physical and mental alleviation. They believe that it has the power to mend diseases. In the medical field. many have questioned where this grounds is. There have been surveies of marihuana for decennaries. Most physicians would state the general populace that without a uncertainty this drug. like others. will hold inauspicious effects in covering with disease or hurting direction. For those who suffer with atrocious diseases that can be painful and dejecting it is an flight from what they have to cover with on a day-to-day footing. Legalizing medical marihuana may be good to a little figure of Americans covering with disease. but when you consider the negative effects it has on the young person of this state. it no longer seems like an option worth seeking. Dang ers of Marijuana We will write a custom essay on The Positive and Negative Impacts of the Legalization of Marijuana Sample specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Marijuana is an illegal mind-altering substance. It is federally classified as a Schedule I drug. ( Department of Justice. 2012 ) This means like cocaine. diacetylmorphine. or PCP ; it is illegal to buy. sell or utilize it anyplace in America. There are many grounds why the Supreme Court has continually upheld their determinations to maintain marijuana illegal. From documented research on wellness effects to the condemnable interaction involved with the usage of this drug. it seems suiting that it should be illegal. Many will reason though that it is less unsafe than intoxicant or baccy. In 2010. more than 10. 000 deceases were straight related to alcohol-impaired drive ( National Highway Traffic Safety Association. 2011 ) . Many advocators for the legalisation of marihuana compare the considerable decease tolls of intoxicant and baccy to the minor studies of deceases that stem from the usage of marihuana. Very seldom are at that place studies of marihuana overdoses or accidents affe cting those under the influence of marihuana entirely. Understandably these are obvious statements that would warrant why marihuana should be legal. Tobacco is legal and kills many Americans in the signifier of malignant neoplastic diseases and respiratory jobs. Alcohol kills the most through accidents. liver complications and overdose. It is easy to see why so many can merely state merely legalise marihuanas because intoxicant and baccy are legal and they kill Americans every twenty-four hours. Peoples would hold to take into consideration that if marihuana was legalized there would be an obvious addition in its usage. With addition in usage. you would hold more persons prone to dependency and long term usage. Marijuana is like baccy in the sense that it contains many different types of carcinogens and chemicals. In research done in Canada. they â€Å"found that marijuana fume contains significantly higher degrees of legion toxic compounds. like ammonium hydroxide and H nitrile. than regular baccy smoke† ( American Chemical Society. 2010 ) . There is no information on whether or non smoking marihuanas will give you malignant neoplastic disease. Marijuana smoke does incorporate higher degrees of chemicals and has become progressively more powerful. â€Å"Marijuana is much more powerful today than it was 30 old ages ago. and so are its head neutering effects. Average THC degrees rose from less than 1 per centum in the mid-1970s to more than 6 per centum in 2002. Sinsemilla authority increased in the past two decennaries from 6 per centum to more than 13 per centum. with some samples incorporating THC degrees of up to 33 percent† ( Office of National Drug Control Policy. 2002 ) . The side effects of more powerful marihuanas are non yet known. For medicative usage. the marihuana works has become a canvas for those who experiment with different ways of turning the most powerful and best high possible. At some point these strain will incorporate such strong degrees of THC that they will non merely do injury to the lungs and encephalon of persons who smoke them. but besides consequence normal activities. such as driving. in a really negative manner. Many advocators for the legalisation of marihuana consider intoxicant to more damaging for society than the effects of recreationally utilizing marihuanas. While intoxicant does non needfully hold a great path record. many Torahs have been put into topographic point to assist control any negative impacts for the mean American. Alcohol is used around the universe in about every civilization. This does non warrant its usage for the populace. It does demo that there are more people around the universe who see alcohol as less of a menace than marihuana. and people have accepted intoxicant as a societal normalcy. Alcohol has been studied in many ways. Some surveies suggest that minor ingestion can assist avoid bosom disease. type 2 diabetes and aid in digestive wellness ( Alcohol: Balancing Risks and Benefits. 2012 ) . .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7 , .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7 .postImageUrl , .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7 , .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7:hover , .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7:visited , .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7:active { border:0!important; } .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7:active , .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7 .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u949bee53990203a64ae17e8a130278a7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Tale of Two Citiess: Theme of Resurrection EssayAlcohol does have considerable negative impacts on society in general. â€Å"The federal authorities estimations that 8. 9 per centum of full-time workers ( 12. 7 million people ) have imbibing jobs. Alcohol costs American concern an estimated $ 134 billion in productiveness losingss. largely due to lost work ; 65. 3 per centum of this cost was caused by alcohol-related unwellness. 27. 2 per centum due to premature decease. and 7. 5 per centum to crime† ( Impact of Alcoholism. April. 2011 ) . If America were to legalise marihuanas so the societal impacts would be dearly-won. and it would add to the already important harm that is done by intoxicant and baccy. With so much accent put on salvaging lives from the usage of intoxicant and baccy it seems unneeded to add fuel to a fire that costs Americans a continually increasing sum of clip and money. Marijuana Around the World Many states have adapted to alone judicial systems that allow persons to utilize marihuana. It is still illegal to sell it or to possess over certain weights. It is still classified as a drug by the United Nations and each of the provinces in the European Union ( Possession of Cannabis for Personal Use. 2011 ) Each state in the European Union has different Torahs. and offers different mulcts and gaol clip for the sale or ownership of marihuana. The Netherlands is really good known for its deficiency of involvement in prosecuting those who smoke in their java stores and established hashish houses. Many advocators for the legalisation of marijuana consider Amsterdam to be a perfect illustration of how a beautiful metropolis can equilibrate the jurisprudence and recreational usage of marihuana. They besides fail to take into history the addition in force. robberies and the usage of intoxicant and drugs associated with bush leagues ( Stimson. Legalizing Marijuana: Why Citizens Should Jus t Say No. 2010 ) . Even a topographic point such as Amsterdam has realized that the effects of non supervising the offense associated with marihuana has had a negative impact on the young person. The Netherlands and others in the European Union are presently reassessing their drug policies and are working towards a stricter environment for drug traders and wrongdoers. What has started as an enterprise that many believed had no opportunity of seeing the visible radiation of twenty-four hours has gathered am of all time increasing following filled with outstanding figures from the movie and music industry. to politicians and medical experts. Many believed that the legalisation of marihuana for medical usage would neer make the vote booth due to the fact that it is illegal and harmful. In America there are 17 provinces. and more late the District of Colombia. that have legalized the usage of medicative marihuana. Each province determines what sum will be considered legal to possess with a prescription. More than half of the provinces allow persons to turn their ain workss. States like Oregon and Washington allow card holders to turn 15 to 18 workss per individual ( Laws. Fees. and Possession Limits. 2012 ) . In eight old ages the figure of provinces that initiated ballots to legalise medicative marihuana had doubled. By 2020 two tierces of the United States could potentially follow the same way. States like Missouri and Montana presently have requests for amendments to the province fundamental laws that would let marihuana to be policed in the same mode as intoxicant ( Altieri. 8 States May Legalize Marijuana This Year. 2012 ) . It seems inevitable that there will be provinces that will finally legalise marijuana non merely for medicative intents. but for personal usage excessively. Some provinces have taken stairss to amend the condemnable discourtesy Torahs to offer no gaol clip or record of the discourtesy. The individual would hold to pay a decreased mulct for each clip they are caught. This would compare to traversing a street illicitly or imbibing in public. The Gateway Drug: Marijuana Marijuana is called the gateway drug because it typically is the most readily available and normally is the first drug that most bush leagues use foremost. It puts the consumer in contact with traders who normally sell other drugs that they may make up ones mind to experiment with. â€Å"Marijuana use among teens rose in 2011 for the 4th consecutive year—a crisp contrast to the considerable diminution that had occurred in the preceding decennary. Daily marihuana usage is now at a 30-year peak degree among high school seniors† ( Marijuana Use Continues to Rise. 2011 ) . This tendency is non merely unsafe for the teens of America when covering with wellness concerns. but besides because they are seting themselves in contact with people who are associated with covering drugs or holding engagement in packs. Many surveies show that merely over half of new drug users chose marihuanas as there first drug to seek ( Impact of Drugs on Society. 2010 ) . America has a long history of covering with drugs and the packs that bring them into the state or sell them on the streets. Marijuana is the most widely used and the easiest to entree. In 2002. 2003 and 2004 about 47 % of those arrested for any Part 1 discourtesy had used marihuana in the past 12 months ( Illicit Drug Use. 2005 ) . Many provinces that have legalized medicative marihuanas are get downing to see additions in offense rates. â€Å"In Los Angeles. constabularies study that countries environing hemp nines have experienced a 200 per centum addition in robberies. a 52. 2 percent addition in burglaries. a 57. 1 percent addition in aggravated assault. and a 130. 8 percent addition in burglaries from automobiles† ( Stimson. Legalizing Marijuana: Why Citizens Should Just Say No. 2010 ) . Marijuana may non be defined as a gateway drug by some. but it is involved in many illegal activities and sets the phase for other illicit drug usage. .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379 , .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379 .postImageUrl , .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379 , .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379:hover , .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379:visited , .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379:active { border:0!important; } .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379:active , .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379 .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u05fe44f398b013d53865742aa4759379:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Even Elephants Are Afraid Of Mice - A Creative EssayAlong with offense comes the addition in pecuniary amendss. The taxpayers of these provinces believe that the revenue enhancement on the sale of marihuana will assist with the state’s budget. The job is that the packs and trusts that have been providing these drugs are now seeing an addition in users and a lessening in net incomes. Violent offenses and robberies lead to high costs for patroling these countries. The authorities revenue enhancements intoxicant and loses money every twelvemonth from the costs associated with wellness attention and employment public presentation. This will make new highs if you add to the tabular array the legalisation of marihuana. The authorities has forced large baccy companies to patronize ads for anti-smoking. The government’s bureaus and besides provinces spend 10s of 1000000s of dollars each per twelvemonth. There would hold to be a similar set up to warn about the already known danger of smoking marihuana. This would do a important dent in the possible money gained from taxing the sale of marihuana. It seems that advocators look at additions in net income without sing bottom line cost that would hold a big consequence on the overall financials of legalising marihuana. There are wellness attention costs. dependence issues and considerable loss in employee public presentation. The costs are non merely pecuniary. For future coevalss there is added force per unit area when it comes to rearing and assisting minor young person remain off from non merely intoxicant and baccy. but now a new. proved head changing drug. that would be legal and readily available for them right around the corner. DecisionThere may be some good belongingss of medical Marijuana though it is proven to hold many more damaging effects on the organic structure over clip. In some instances it can assist deflect those in hurting. or who are enduring from terminal diseases. There will ever be the statement that intoxicant and baccy are legal. so marijuana should besides be legal. For the general populace it serves no intent. and will merely impede our promotion as a society. It has negative effects on the human organic structure. Some effects may be reversible while others may kill. Legalizing marihuana will more than probably add cost to the already unwieldy health care system. It will set more childs in forepart of useless narcotics that will take to an addition in nuts and finally deceases. It is a drug for a ground. and without decently maintaining it off from the general populace there will surely be more costs and negative effects on American civilization that could be avoided by merely stating no. Mentions U. S. Department of Justice: Drug Enforcement Administration. ( 2012. April ) . Lists of: Scheduling actions. controlled substances. regulated chemicals. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. deadiversion. usdoj. gov/ schedules/orangebook/orangebook. pdf National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. ( 2010 ) Impaired Driving. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. nhtsa. gov/Impaired Moir D. Rickert W. . Levasseur G. . Larose Y. . Maertens R. . White P. Desjardins S. ( July 31. 2007 ) . A Comparison of Mainstream and Sidestream Marijuana and Tobacco Cigarette Smoke Produced Under Two Machine Smoking Conditions. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //pubs. Ac. org/doi/pdfplus/10. 1021/tx700275p Office of National Drug Control Policy. ( 2002 ) . What American Need to Know About Marijauna. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. ncjrs. gov/ondcppubs/publications/pdf/mj_rev. pdf Harvards School of Public Health. ( 2012. June ) Alcohol: Balanci ng Risks and Benefits. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. hsph. Harvard University. edu/nutritionsource/what-should-you-eat/alcohol-full-story/index. html Research Society on Alcoholism. ( 2011. April ) . Impact of Alcoholism and Alcohol Induced Disease on America. Retreived from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. rsoa. org/2011-04-11RSAWhitePaper. pdf Mentions ContinuedEuropean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. ( 2012 ) . Legal subject overviews: ownership of hemp for personal usage. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. emcdda. Europa. eu/legal-topic-overviews/cannabis-possession-for-personal-use Stimson C. ( 2010. September ) . Legalizing Marijuana: Why Citizens Should Just Say No. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. heritage. org/research/reports/2010/09/legalizing-marijuana-why-citizens-should-just-say-no # _ftn28 Procon. org. ( 2012 ) Laws. Fees. and Possession Limits. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //medicalmarijuana. procon. org/view. resource. php? resourceID=000881 Altieri E. ( 2012. Feb ) 8 States May Legalize Marijuana This Year – Did Yours Make the List? Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //blog. norml. org/2012/02/09/8-states-may-legalize-marijuana-this-year-did-yours-make-the-list/

The Similarities of Alfred Hitchcock and Edward Hopper Essay Essays

The Similarities of Alfred Hitchcock and Edward Hopper Essay Essays The Similarities of Alfred Hitchcock and Edward Hopper Essay Paper The Similarities of Alfred Hitchcock and Edward Hopper Essay Paper Essay Topic: Rear Window Alfred Hitchcock. besides known as. â€Å"The Maestro of Suspense† . was a manager to a assortment of award winning movies. Many Hitchcock films will be perceptibly inspired by legion pictures. including the work of iconic creative person Edward Hopper. Hopper. born in New York. was good known for his realist pictures. Comparing the pictures and movies. one will see the similarities displayed between the two. Alfred Hitchcock and Edward Hopper are linked by making an eerie temper through their usage of illuming. composing. and point of view. Both Hitchcock and Hopper tend to utilize dark illuming with shadows every bit good as insulating a little group of people seen from an ‘outside looking in’ point of position. Edward Hopper is able to capture suspense in his pictures and he does this through his usage of illuming. He casts shadows and darkness in peculiar pictures in order to convey the temper he wishes to accomplish. In his most celebrated picture. â€Å"Nighthawks† . Hopper uses shadows as a technique to make a unusual feeling for the scene. The lone visible radiation in the picture appears to be coming from the diner itself. It casts shadows on the outside which makes the viewer admiration what will go on next. Because it is dark. there is something eerie about why these people are up so tardily at dark. Similar to Hopper. Hitchcock uses cryptic shadows to make this peculiar temper. This is seen through a still image of his film â€Å"Rear Window† . During this scene. the chief character Jeff. who is a wheel chair bound photojournalist. is confronted by Lars Thorwald. a going jewellery salesman who Jeff believes murdered person. Lars shows up in Jeff’s flat and the lighting dramatis personae upon him is dark. His figure is clearly at that place but the shadows cover his face wholly. which helps to demo this cryptic. eerie temper. Unlike Hopper. Hitchcock has an advantage of puting sound into the scene which adds to the ambiance of uncertainness. If it had been twenty-four hours clip or igniter in the room. the scene would non hold portrayed the same temper. This first-class usage of shadows by both Hopper and Hitchcock create the ghostliness they are both good known for. Alfred Hitchcock tended to concentrate on a little group of chief characters in each scene to make suspense. This was seen in his film â€Å"Vertigo† . The chief character. Scottie. is a retired investigator and was hired by Gavin Elster to follow his married woman. Madeline Elster. As the secret plan thickens. Madeline purportedly jumps off the roof of the church and kills herself. Scottie meets a new adult female. Judy Barton. who has an eldritch resemblance to Madeline. The scene in the still image is when Scottie is recognizing that Judy pretended to be Madeline so Gavin could slay his married woman and people would merely presume she was brainsick. As Scottie realizes this. the camera position is focused on merely him. By insulating him entirely. Hitchcock has enabled the audience to calculate the secret plan out aboard Scottie. This flooring disclosure creates an eerie feeling and gets the intended temper across. Like Hitchcock. Hopper tends to utilize the technique of insulating his characters. In the picture â€Å"Automat† . there is a adult female sitting by herself in a diner. Although non given off of the first feeling. the picture can give off an eerie temper. For illustration. her facial look is clean and she is submerging in the darkness from the back land. The image presents a dead silence which helps show the intended temper. Hopper had a inclination to paint his pictures as an foreigner position to construct a sense of inscrutability. In his picture â€Å"Nighthawk† . Hopper illustrates four people on the interior of a coffeehouse. The spectator is able to see all of the people in the scene because of the point of position. The adult male on the far left has his dorsum turned so one can non construe his temper ; although his caput is down which makes the spectator infer he is believing. The miss and male child sitting following to each other may be a twosome. but the spectator can non cognize for certain. The waiter may hold a drink in his manus or it could be something more leery. but because the spectator can non see his custodies they can non be certain of what the object is. By being able to see everyone in the picture and being able to analyse each character. the temper conveys eeriness because the spectator has unanswered inquiries and enigma. Hitchcock besides uses an ‘outside looking in’ point of position in the film â€Å"Rear Window† . The secret plan of the film is based around the chief character watching people through his flat window. In the still image. Jeff. the chief character. tickers as his neighbour goes in and out of his flat and so takes knifes out of his bag. If the spectator was in the room with the neighbour. they would be able to state what was traveling on. By being on the exterior. it leaves the spectator thinking which so creates a cliff-hanging. eerie temper. Edward Hopper and Alfred Hitchcock are un-doubtfully similar when it comes to inside informations. Hitchcock may non be a painter. but his work has been influenced by pictures. The comparing between both of Hitchcock and Hopper’s work shows that art has an influence throughout all the different types there are. The two creative persons create different chef-doeuvres. but the similarities between the two aid separate the eerie temper.

Definition and Examples of Delivery in Rhetoric

Definition and Examples of Delivery in Rhetoric One of the five traditional parts or canons of rhetoric , concerned with the control of voice and gestures when giving a speech. Known as hypocrisis in Greek and actio in Latin. Etymology:  From the Latin  de  away   liber  free (to give away) Pronunciation:  di-LIV-i-ree Also Known  As:  actio,  hypocrisis Examples and Observations of Delivery It should not be surprising that it was professional actors who gave a special impetus to a study of delivery, for all the spell-binding orators in history (men like Demosthenes, Churchill, William Jennings Bryan, Bishop Sheen, Billy Graham) have been, in a sense, great actors.  (Edward P.J. Corbett and Robert J. Connors, Classical Rhetoric for the Modern Student, 4th ed. Oxford University Press, 1999)[Aristotle] compares rhetorical delivery to theatrical performance and emphasizes the effect of delivery on different audiences; the effectiveness and appropriateness of delivery make a speech successful or not.  (Kathleen E. Welch, Delivery. Enclopedia, 2001) of RhetoricAll these parts of oratory succeed according as they are delivered. Delivery . . . has the sole and supreme power in oratory; without it, a speaker of the highest mental capacity can be held in no esteem; while one of moderate abilities, with this qualification, may surpass even those of the highest talent.  (Cice ro, De Oratore) Before you can persuade a man into any opinion, he must first be convinced that you believe it yourself. This he can never be, unless the tones of voice in which you speak come from the heart, accompanied by corresponding looks, and gestures, which naturally result from a man who speaks in earnest. (Thomas Sheridan, British Education, 1756)The behavioral biologists and psychologists call [delivery] nonverbal communication and have added immeasurably to our knowledge of this kind of human expressivity. (Richard Lanham, A Handlist of Rhetorical Terms, 2nd ed., 1991) Senator John McCain's Delivery [John] McCain moves awkwardly through complex phrases, sometimes surprising himself with the end of a sentence. He regularly leaves his audience without any cues to applaud. Despite years in public life, he makes bumpy transitions from personal anecdotes to broad policy pronouncements... McCain needs all the help he can get, said Martin Medhurst, a communications professor at Baylor University and the editor of Rhetoric and Public Affairs, a quarterly journal... Such a weak delivery affects viewers’and voters’perceptions of the speaker’s sincerity, knowledge, and credibility, Medhurst said. Some politicians just don’t understand that they must devote a certain amount of time to their communications, or it’s going to hurt them. (Holly Yeager, McCain Speeches Dont Deliver. The Washington Independent, Apr. 3, 2008) Regendering Delivery [A]lthough the physical and vocal concerns of delivery initially appear relevant to all public speakers, closer scrutiny of the canon soon reveals masculinist biases and assumptions. Delivery has not pertained equally to both men and women because, for millennia, women were culturally prohibited from standing and speaking in public, their voices and forms acceptable only in the spectator role (if at all). Thus, women were systematically discouraged from the very actions that constitute delivery, a matter unrecognized in the traditional fifth canon. . . . Indeed, I would argue that when researchers attention is focused too narrowly on the voice, gesture, and expression of the good woman speaking well, much that is germane to her delivery is overlooked. Clearly, the traditional fifth canon is in need of renovation. (Lindal Buchanan, Regendering Delivery: The Fifth Canon and Antebellum Women Rhetors. Southern Illinois University Press, 2005)

Discussion Board 10 - ECO2013 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Board 10 - ECO2013 - Essay Example According to a report published by Prezi, a loaf of bread in the 1950s costs around 12 to 14 cents while in 2012, it costs around $2 to $4 per loaf (Mooney). That’s about a 200 to 350% increase in price from 1950 to 2012! Meanwhile, the US Department of Labor shows that the price of bread has decreased from $2 to $4 to $1.411 in January 2013, but this figure is still more expensive than the 1950 prices. One may be shocked at the increase in the price of bread if one looks at actual prices of the commodity. But what few people realize is that 2013 prices of commodities cannot be compared directly to prices in the 1950s because of the differences in the economic conditions in these two time periods. For one, gross domestic income is different; country population sharing the gross domestic income is also different. Hence, in order to determine whether prices of commodities have actually increased (hence leading to lesser capability to purchase the same bundle of goods previously purchased), there is a need to look at the overall state of the economy. This is best explained by Michael Sivy in his article for Time Magazine. Sivy says, â€Å"Price hikes for a particular item here or there don’t qualify as inflation. If one thing gets more expensive but something else gets cheaper, that’s what economists call a relative price change†. Such condition does not signal th at it has become more difficult for citizens to purchase items they need. Meanwhile, Sivy says that inflation is an increase in prices across the board which can impact consumers as well as businesses. With high inflation, businesses find it more expensive to produce the same amount of goods it used to produce. If a business were to survive, it can choose either to cut down its production, or to increase its costs of production. In both situations, it could affect the overall economy as it translates to over all

Enviromental Science - Video Answers Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Enviromental Science - Video Answers - Lab Report Example perceived obsolescence are real, this is because people keep shopping and consuming materials and, of these ninety nine percent becomes trash within six months. New and more fashionable materials are continuously produced for example, shoes and clothes which keep changing in designs. Recycling has not been enough in saving the situation since it’s impossible to recycle a hundred percent of waste. Some products are not designed for recycling for example, juice packs and products containing too many toxic substances. The linear system can be changed to a new system through sustainability, equity, green chemistry, zero waste, closed loop production and local living economies for a more resourceful society. The United States Government will be more concerned in working for and with the people, natural forests will be regained and waterways made drinkable. The consumption of world resources will be reduced hence overall waste reduction. The United States economy’s goal will change from producing more consumer goods and focus on investing in education, healthcare, safe transportation, sustainability and justice. Producers can opt to produce materials that will not easily lose value and that are recyclable. This way extraction of natural resources, consumer goods production, distribution, consumption and disposal will be reduced. Consumers have potential to most influence the system since they can choose to retain and recycle what they purchase. Corporations which make up most of the large economies worldwide have most say in how the â€Å"Materials Economy† system runs. Third world economies are highly affected by this system through a lot of pollution, very low income and places that are difficult to live in. Consumers are also forced to work a lot of hours, meaning less leisure time and this makes them very unhappy with their

Great Achievements Essay Example for Free

Great Achievements Essay Every individual has a goal of achieving their own dreams. Just like them, I am an aspirant who wishes to attain success in my career. As an upcoming Entertainment design student, I always look ahead to my goal and use it as my motivator to keep moving forward. Like others, I have also undergone obstacles in my life that I successfully faced and resolved One of the obstacles that I experienced was when I prepared my admission portfolio. It was 3 months before the deadline that I got interested in going to Art Center. Since I wanted to apply immediately, I worked hard to spend the remaining three months creating my portfolio. I knew that a high quality portfolio would give me a greater opportunity to be accepted so I went beyond my limits and used all the available resources to create my best work. My determination and willingness to learn and develop my talents pushed me to produce 30 pages of high quality portfolio in 2 1/2 months. Perhaps, doing such work in a limited time is difficult but for me, any person can do it so long as there is the passion and right attitude towards work. As a person, I believe that perseverance, diligence, open-mindedness and confidence count a lot in achieving success. During the preparation, I knew that the admissions only required a few pages of work but since I wanted to create the best portfolio, I did my best to accomplish the most number of quality work. Of course, it was difficult for me but it was my faith that helped me attained my goal. Furthermore, it was my family and friends who helped me maintain high expectations. There were times when I wanted to give up but it was them who taught me never to say `I can’t` at anything. I focused myself on my work and kept in my mind that there were no limitations so long as it is for my dreams. I also learned that any individual cannot achieve anything without taking any risk. In my case, one of the biggest risks that I have taken is switching my major and transferring to another college. I was a graduating ASU student and scholar back then in my college. Despite my good academic standing, I realized that I was not happy with what I was studying. It was then that I found out about the program taught at Art Center College of Design just 3 months before the application’s deadline. My interest and passion for the career pushed me to make some big sacrifices and worked non stop for two and half months. Fortunately, my work was paid off and I got accepted in the best design school in the US. Now that my dream goal is already within my reach, the only thing that hinders me is my financial restriction. I believe that through your institution I will be able to resolve this problem and continue my journey towards my success.

Decision Making by Criminals Essay -- Rational Choice Criminology Essa

Decision Making by Criminals The issue of whether decision making by criminals is a rational process is a heated topic of discussion when one asserts that crime is the role of choice. Before the classical school of criminology, crime was thought to be the product of the paranormal occurrence of demons, witches, ghouls, and other creatures. The time prior to the classical school of criminology, called the preclassical era, is divided in two parts. Before the time of state intervention into private matters, each individual dealt with violations of their rights. This was a problem because of the continuous cycle of violence being perpetuated. Soon the State (and even the Church) took on the task of dispensing law and order to the masses of the Middle Ages. This led to a period called the Holy Inquisition which lasted from the twelfth century to the eighteenth century. During the Holy Inquisition, punishment that was harsh and capricious was the norm. Also, there was no protection against bogus allegations, meaning , the burden of proof was on the accused to prove his/her innocence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The classical school of criminology was a response to the harsh times of the Holy Inquisition. It was a product of the Enlightenment, seeking to replace the notions of the divine rights of royalty and clergy with rationalism, intellectualism, and humanitarianism. The two chief ambassadors of the classical school of criminology are Cesare Beccaria (1738-1794) and Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832). Beccaria is widely recognized as the father of the classical school of criminology. In his essay Dei deliti e delle pene (On Crimes and Punishment), Beccaria asserted that humans are rational, have free will, and are hedonistic. He also claimed that crime can be prevented by convincing warnings of punishments. To succeed in preventing crime, certainty, severity, and celerity of punishment must be present. Jeremy Bentham embraced the utilitarian philosophy of replacing harsh and capricious punishments with humane punishments and protection against bogus allegations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The classical school of criminology was the foundation of the modern criminal justice system in the Western world. Criminal law and criminal procedure now assume that people are rational actors, thanks to the classical school of criminology. In addition, penalties for crime became more humane and policing turned to ... ...minology: Explaining Crime and Its Context 5th ed. Cincinnati, OH: Matthew Bender & Company, Inc., 2004 Exum, M. Lyn. ?The Application and Robustness of the Rational Choice Perspective in the Study of Intoxicated and Angry Intentions to Aggress.? Criminology. Nov. 2002. Vol. 40 Issue 4, p933. Frank, Robert H. ?Commitment Problems in the Theory of Rational Choice.? Texas Law Review. Jun. 2003. Vol. 81 Issue 7, p1789. McCarthy, Bill. ?New Economics of Sociological Criminology.? Annual Review of Sociology. 2002. Vol. 28 Issue 1, p417. Mendes, Silvia M. ?Certainty, Severity, and Their Relative Deterrent Effects: Questioning the Implications of the Role of Risk in Criminal Deterrence Policy.? Policy Studies Journal. 2004. Vol. 32 Issue 1, p59. Nagin, Daniel S. and Raymond Pasternoster. ?Personal Capital and Social Control: The Deterrence Implications of a Theory of Individual Differences in Criminal Offending.? Criminology. Nov. 1994. Vol. 32, Issue 4, p. 581. Wood, Peter B. and David C. May. ?Racial Differences in Perceptions of the Severity of Sanctions: A comparison of Prison with Alternatives.? Justice Quarterly. Sep. 2003. Vol. 20, Issue 3, p. 605

The Destructive Growth of Alcoholism in America

Drinking alcohol has become a past-time for teenagers and adults during weekends. People drink to relax, feel more confident or to forget temporarily any worries that they currently have. Everyone knows that alcohol in moderation do not harm one's body or society at large. The problem lies when drinking becomes uncontrollable and excessive. The social, health and mortality problems associated with alcohol have been perceived as early as 1920's, which was when the Temperance Movement started.The consumption of alcohol began in 1600-1700. People drank alcohol because they had no other alternative. The milk was unpasteurized and the water was unsanitary. In addition, the price of tea and coffee did not fit the budget of most people. According to the article What in American's history could lead to prohibition, â€Å"the average American was drinking 7 gallons of pure alcohol. † During the early years of the American colony, drunkenness was not viewed as offensive.The History of A lcohol article enumerated how people in the colonies â€Å"showed little concern over drunkenness, [in fact] spirituous liquors had become the greatest factors in colonial commerce. † Later on, the demand for alcohol created Saloons where people could drink and take part in different form of vices. The History of Alcohol article stated that â€Å"[i]t was not uncommon to find one saloon for every 150 or 200 Americans, including those who did not drink.Hard-pressed to earn profits, saloon keepers sometimes introduced vices such as gambling and prostitution into their establishments in an attempt to earn profits. † However, people soon realized that alcohol drinkers acted differently and far worse after they have consumed liquor. Prohibition or temperance, which simply meant a â€Å"reduction or elimination of the use of alcoholic beverages,† was enacted to combat these â€Å"social ills† that were developing due to the effects of alcohol.Hence, according t o the History of Alcohol, â€Å"[i]n 1920 America saw prohibition in an effort to prevent the social problems caused by alcohol abuse. † Thornton, an economics professor, expressed that during 1920-1933, â€Å"national prohibition of alcohol [in the US was a] ‘noble experiment'- undertaken to reduce crime and corruption, solve social problems, reduce the tax burden created by prisons and poorhouses, and improve health and hygiene in America. † Supporters of the Temperance Movement firmly believed that alcohol had â€Å" addictive properties.† In addition, the History of Alcohol stated that â€Å"the Temperance movement swept across the United States preaching that alcohol was immoral and destroyed family life. † The same article also says that the benevolent intentions of the Temperance Movement finally materialized when the government included the ban on alcohol in the 18th Amendment, which took away the business licenses of â€Å"brewers, distill ers, vintners, and the wholesale and retail sellers,† of the Constitution. Despite genuine concern about the negative effects of alcohol, liquor cannot be eliminated from the market.The History of Alcohol states that people started to bootleg alcohol from Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean- since Americans were prohibited from producing liquor- to cater to their growing customers. Organized crime was established to meet the increasing demand of the public for the prohibited product. According to the What in American's history could lead to prohibition article, the illegal nature of alcohol led â€Å"criminal organizations [to] resort to real crimes in defense of sales territories, brand names, and labor contracts. †Eventually, the government realized that their efforts only increased the reliance on alcohol and made the social ills imposed by it more severe. Therefore, they repealed prohibition in 1933. Even though the Temperance Movement was dissolved, the criminal group s that were formed out of it still remained intact. These groups â€Å"branched out into narcotics, gambling, prostitution, loan sharking and extortion, concerns they still control today,† according to The History of Alcohol article. Moreover, societal problems incurred from alcohol also affect family dynamics.Parents who constantly drink might end up spending more time outside the house and neglect their responsibilities to their children and spouse. Thus, the article entitled Scientific Facts on Alcohol brought up the point that â€Å"[d]rinking can impair how a person performs as a parent, [and] a partner as well. † Likewise, the Scientific Facts on Alcoholic indicated that â€Å"[t]he financial costs of alcohol purchase†¦ can leave other family members destitute. † This is because parents may end up using their salary to sustain their habit to the extent that their children become hungry in the process.Children of alcoholics may not be adequately taken care of as well because their basic needs, such as clothing and shelter, are not provided for because indulgence in the habit makes their parents lose focus on what is important in their lives. The detrimental effects of alcohol become exacerbated to the point that it manifests itself in physical violence or abuse towards other people. A relationship might be jeopardized because the man, as is usually the case, beats up his wife or girlfriend after consuming immense amount of liquor. The wife or girlfriend has a toleration limit in allowing this kind of dismal treatment.After awhile, she is bound to leave him if the behavior does not stop or improve. Information contained in the Alcohol and Women article provided by Loyola Marymount University states that â€Å"57% of female victims [experience] intimate violence (i. e. , current or former spouses, boyfriends, etc. ) [and] reported that the offender had been drinking at the time of the offense. [While] 62% of female victims of alco hol-related violence reported experiencing some form of injury. † Unfortunately, these victimized women have a high likelihood of sticking by their man.As a result, they may end up drinking as well to deal with the abuse that they experience. Furthermore, the article entitled Alcohol, Violence, and Aggression notes that aggressive behavior of alcohol drinkers’ result in â€Å"86 percent of homicide offenders, 37 percent of assault offenders, 60 percent of sexual offenders, up to 57 percent of men and 27 percent of women involved in marital violence, and 13 percent of child abusers. † Excessive alcohol drinkers engage in such actions because according to the Alcohol, Violence, and Aggression article, alcohol has been known toweake[n] brain mechanisms that normally restrain impulsive behaviors, including inappropriate aggression. By impairing information processing, alcohol can also lead a person to misjudge social cues, thereby overreacting to a perceived threat. Simultaneously, a narrowing of attention may lead to an inaccurate assessment of the future risks of acting on an immediate violent impulse. Besides aggressive behavior that is exhibited due to the lessening of inhibition, ease of interaction amongst a group of people also ensues.Thus, men usually drink with acquaintances or colleagues at work to develop rapport and comradeship. Hence, the Alcohol and the Workplace article indicate that â€Å"[s]tudies of male-dominated occupations have described heavy drinking cultures in which workers use drinking to build solidarity and show conformity to the group. † On the contrary, alcohol can be harmful in the workplace when an individual's job performance suffers. Limitless alcohol consumption can result in people suffering from a hangover the following day, which affects and hampers concentration, memory and motor skill.Thus, the Alcohol and the Workplace article state that hangover has a positive correlation between â€Å"the frequ ency of feeling sick at work, sleeping on the job, and having problems with job tasks or co-workers. † The same article also mentions that productivity losses are attributed to alcohol. Performance at work may be affected both by the volume and pattern of drinking. Co-workers perceive that heavy drinkers have lower performance, problems in personal relationships and lack of self-direction, though drinkers themselves do not necessarily perceive effects on their work performance.In addition, the aforementioned article also explains that There is ample evidence that people with alcohol dependence and drinking problems are on sick leave more frequently than other employees, with a significant cost to employees, employers, and social security systems†¦. Therefore, constant and excessive alcohol consumption can negatively affect work performance. Persistent pattern of alcohol drinking becomes a problem because it does not enable the employee to finish tasks, has a drastic effec t on one's output at work and will hurt the company in the long-run if an employee repeatedly accumulates absences.Nevertheless, the negative impact of alcohol on someone’s means of livelihood is still not enough to detract people from taking it. Writer Caroline Ryan of BBC News says that the reason being is alcohol triggers the internal composition of our body. Alcohol releases dopamine which â€Å"which produces feelings of satisfaction. It also increases the production of the brain's natural painkiller – endorphin – which scientists think could be the means by which the brain becomes trained to crave†¦. Scientists believe this effect is part of the development of tolerance to, and dependence on, alcohol.† Also, excessive alcohol drinking can contribute to health issues. According to Dr. Berman, alcohol can either directly or indirectly cause: cancers of the mouth, throat, liver, larynx, and esophagus; stomach ulcers and bleeding in the upper gastr ointestinal tract; pancreatitis; cirrhosis of the liver; hypertension; cardiac arrhythmias; congestive heart failure; peripheral nerve problems; increased susceptibility to infections. Nissl, author of Alcohol and Drug Problems, also indicates that â€Å"[l]ong-term heavy drinking damages the nervous system, heart, and brain.It also can lead to stomach problems, medicine interactions, sexual problems, osteoporosis†¦ † While an article entitled Alcohol Myth says that sparse drinking will still result in the â€Å"slow[ing] down [of] the heart rate, lower[ing] [of] your blood pressure, and slow[ing] [of] your breathing rate. † Also, food digestion is inhibited from fully functioning. The Alcohol and Nutrition article exhibits that alcohol interferes with the nutritional process by affecting digestion, storage, utilization, and excretion of nutrients†¦ Alcohol inhibits the breakdown of nutrients into usable molecules†¦Alcohol impairs nutrient absorption by damaging the cells lining the stomach and intestines and disabling transport of some nutrients into the blood†¦ Even if nutrients are digested and absorbed, alcohol can prevent them from being fully utilized by altering their transport, storage, and excretion†¦ alcohol can impair the mechanisms by which the body controls blood glucose levels, resulting in either increased or decreased blood glucose. Again, the said article also explains that lack of nutrients can result in deficiencies that can lead to â€Å"severe and permanent effects on brain function.Specifically, thiamine deficiencies, often seen in alcoholics, [which] can cause severe neurological problems such as impaired movement and memory loss. † It is also a fact that mental and emotionally faculties can also be affected. According to Green Facts, anxiety, fear and depression are common problems encountered by family members of an alcoholic and the alcoholic himself. For alcoholics, the Why Do People Drin k Alcohol article discusses that alcohol intake actually causes depression since alcohol is a depressant.While feelings of a depressed person is magnified two-folds when depression medicine stays in the system at the same time that alcohol is in one’s body. Despite the health risks involve with excessive alcohol consumption, some women may still engage in the act even when they are pregnant. According to Nemours Foundation, â€Å"[i]t's estimated that each year in the United States, 1 in every 750 infants is born with a pattern of physical, developmental, and functional problems referred to as fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), while another 40,000 are born with fetal alcohol effects (FAE).† Fetal Alcohol Syndrome results in birth defects in infants that can debilitate or permanently damage one's normal capabilities and functioning. Indeed, alcohol can become toxic when there is too much of it. Infinite amount of liquor can be the cause of death for a relatively few people. This unfortunate incident is known as alcohol poisoning, also called acute alcohol intoxication. The Alcohol Myth article explains that in this specific instance, alcohol acts as a poison that attacks the body and results in death.On a lighter note, a mild form of sleep disturbance can be induced by alcohol especially among college students who usually have the notion that â€Å"alcohol is not as bad as what people claim it to be. † The Alcohol and Sleep article points out that â€Å"[t]he more one drinks, the faster the person will fall asleep, but the likelihood of sleep disturbances increases. Alcohol consumed up to 6 hours before bedtime can affect sleep patterns. † And we are all aware that lack of sleep can make a person feel easily irritated and unfocused on the tasks at hand.Also, we should not exclude the fact that financial costs can dampen one's available resources. According to Estimating the Economic Cost of Alcohol Abuse article, the health cost of alcoh ol dependence behavior which include medical, alcohol abuse and dependence treatment does not come cheap. Furthermore, hospital bills and medical inconvenience does not end there. Accidents caused by drunk driving, which endanger public safety, can accrue more damages to the physical and financial well-being of a person. Also, mental irregularities can happen when an alcoholic attempts to commit suicide.According to Women and Alcohol article, â€Å"40% of alcoholic women attempted to commit suicide, compared to 8. 8% of non-alcoholic women. [While] [y]ounger women who are alcoholics are nearly twice as likely to attempt to commit suicide (50. 5%) than older women who are alcoholics (25. 5%). † Tendencies like this transpire because a person is emotionally unstable. The main reason why alcoholics turn to alcohol for comfort is to numb their feelings or to forget their problems. They fail to realize that trying to forget about their unpleasant situation is only fleeting and doe s not solve anything in the long-run.For instance, the Why Do People Drink Alcohol article explains that drinking alcohol to deal with a break up or death in one’s family â€Å"delays the healing process because the people aren’t giving themselves a chance to heal. † This is because they are not confronting their problem and letting themselves experience emotions that naturally surface in this kind of circumstance. Hence, the behavior that they are engaging in-regularly drinking loads of alcohol-does not help them at all even though they will like to think so otherwise.Thus, immense alcohol consumption may unfortunately lead to death. According to Dr. Berman, the â€Å"third leading cause of mortality in the United States, and is responsible for approximately 100,000 preventable deaths per year,† is alcohol. Hence, premature death due to excessive alcohol consumption is within our ability to control and avoid from happening. Also, if death does not occur due to reckless driving, diseases that take over the body gradually-as was mentioned earlier- can also take away one's life.If an alcoholic somehow manages to stay out of harm's way, alcohol can contribute to risky behaviors like unprotected sexual activity, use of tobacco and illegal drugs. The article entitled Alcohol: An Addictive Drug tackles the fact that alcohol â€Å"is frequently the entry-level drug that leads to harder drugs, such as cocaine and heroin. † These acts that may seem â€Å"harmless†-especially to those actively taking part in the habit- cost the government money because they shoulder any expense that is brought up. This is because effective law enforcement has to be increased and strengthened via mandatory regular training to deal with misdemeanors.Also, according to Estimating the Economic Cost of Alcohol Abuse article, other parts of society are involved like the â€Å"criminal justice system, social welfare administration-† just to name a few- to ensure that society is not greatly troubled by the reckless behavior that alcoholics enact. Overall, limitation and prohibition of alcohol will never be successful as demonstrated by the Temperance Movement. This is because people find ways to get around the system and defy laws that go against what they want to do with their personal lives.The key to the problems that alcohol presents is not to eliminate the source of the problem, in this case alcohol itself, but to educate young people about the adverse effects that alcohol places on them and on society as a whole. Also, tough enforcement of established laws regarding alcohol should be done. In addition, assistance should be available and given to alcoholics so that violence, alcohol craving and health issues that they have are addressed in a timely manner. Finally, people should keep in mind that alcohol does not solve anything.It only creates or increases the existing problems that one faces. Additionally, people have the power to change the glamorized notions about alcohol consumption-how it is the â€Å"in† thing to do because all the â€Å"cool† kids are doing it- and its supposed positive effects which mostly deals with a smoother social interaction with other people. The media plays a crucial role in changing this persistent view. The media should stress-via their print publication, billboard ads, television and radio programs- that the negative impact of alcohol outweighs any positive impact that may be derived from it.Also, it is essential that alcoholics are aided in finding ways to control their urges and direct it to an outlet that will be more beneficial for them. It will also be important to make people aware that proper and moderate alcohol consumption is an obligation that they should perform and abide by at all times because it is for their best interest. Hence, alcohol regulations serve people by protecting their well-being. References â€Å"Alcohol and Sleep. â₠¬  (2006). Loyola Marymount University. â€Å"Alcohol and the Nutrition. † October 1993. Alcohol Alert.22. 29 January 2008. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. â€Å"Alcohol and the Workplace. † July 1999. Alcohol Alert. 44. 29 January 2008. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. â€Å"Alcohol Myths. † (2006). Loyola Marymount University. 30 January 2008. â€Å"Alcohol, Violence, and Aggression. † October 1997. Alcohol Alert. 38. 29 January 2008. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Berman, James. January 2003. â€Å"Alcohol and drug addiction†. University of Pennsylvania Health System. 29 January 2008 â€Å"Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. † 2008. Nemours Foundation. 30 January 2008. â€Å"History of Alcohol. † (n. d). 30 January 2008 Nissl, Ian. 23 February 2007. â€Å"Alcohol and Drug Problems. † Peace Health. 29 January 2008. Ryan, Caroline. Why alcohol is addictive. 15 March 200 4. BBC News. 30 January 2008. http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/health/3537387. stm â€Å"Scientific Facts on Alcohol. † (2008). Green Facts. 29 January 2008. â€Å"The History of Alcohol. † (2005). Drug-Rehabs. org 30 January 2008. Thornton, M. (1991). â€Å"Alcohol prohibition was a failure. † CATO institute. 30 January 2008. Walters, G. D. (2002).The heritability of alcohol abuse and dependence: a meta-analysis of behavior genetic research. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 28(3), 557- 584. â€Å"What in American's history could lead to prohibition? † (n. d). 30 January 2008. Why Do People Drink Alcohol? (n. d) 30 January 2008. Women and Alcohol. (2006). Loyola Marymount University. 30 January 2008. Alcoholism in America I. History of Alcohol A.lack of other drink alternatives B. American Revolution C. Emergence of Saloons D. Temperance Movement 1. Definition of Temperance 2. Reasons for the movement 3. Problem with Temperance II. Personal Problem with Alcohol now A. Family problem 1. ineffective parent 2. money spent on alcohol instead B. Violence 1. between partners a. statistical information b. victimized women 2. statistics of criminal offenses C. Alcohol at the workplace 1. reason to bond especially with men 2. negative effect on work performance a. productivity b. absence D. Alcohol Cravings E. health problem 1. damages parts of the body2. slows down bodily functions 3. interferes with digestion process 4. nutritional deficiencies 5. mental health problem 6. fetal alcohol syndrome 7. alcohol poisoning 8. sleep disturbances 9. health related costs F. Accidents 1. different damages accrued 2. suicide statistical evidence G. Deaths 1. statistical evidence III. Other negative effects of alcohol A. Vices associated with alcohol B. Government expenditures Note cards page â€Å"Alcohol, like nicotine and marijuana, is frequently the entry-level drug that leads to harder drugs, such as cocaine and heroin. † †Å"Alcohol: An Addictive Drug.† (2006). Covenant Health. 30 January 2008. The nutrients from digested food are absorbed from the intestines into the blood and carried to the liver. The liver prepares nutrients either for immediate use or for storage and future use. Alcohol inhibits the breakdown of nutrients into usable molecules by decreasing secretion of digestive enzymes from the pancreas (2). Alcohol impairs nutrient absorption by damaging the cells lining the stomach and intestines and disabling transport of some nutrients into the blood (3).In addition, nutritional deficiencies themselves may lead to further absorption problems. For example, folate deficiency alters the cells lining the small intestine, which in turn impairs absorption of water and nutrients including glucose, sodium, and additional folate (3). Even if nutrients are digested and absorbed, alcohol can prevent them from being fully utilized by altering their transport, storage, and excretion†¦ Even wh en food intake is adequate, alcohol can impair the mechanisms by which the body controls blood glucose levels, resulting in either increased or decreased blood glucose (glucose is the body's principal sugar)†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Alcohol and the Nutrition. † October 1993. Alcohol Alert. 22. 29 January 2008. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. â€Å"Disturbances of sleep lead to fatigue and sleepiness during the day. The more one drinks, the faster the person will fall asleep, but the likelihood of sleep disturbances increases. Alcohol consumed up to 6 hours before bedtime can affect sleep patterns, increasingthe longevity of disturbances alcohol causes in the body’s sleep cycles. † â€Å"Alcohol and Sleep. † (2006). Loyola Marymount University. â€Å"Studies of male-dominated occupations have described heavy drinking cultures in which workers use drinking to build solidarity and show conformity to the group (4,5). Some male-dominated occupations therefore tend to have high rates of heavy drinking and alcohol-related problems. † â€Å"Alcohol and the Workplace. † July 1999. Alcohol Alert. 44. 29 January 2008. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Myth: â€Å"The worst thing that can happen is that I’ll pass out and have a hangover tomorrow. â€Å"The fact is that death can and does occur from drinking too much alcohol. This is known as alcohol poisoning or acute alcohol intoxication and occurs when the level of alcohol in the body acts as a poison, causing death from the drug overdose. Another way that alcohol can cause death is due to alcohol related accidents, such as drunk driving, falls, and suicide. Myth: â€Å"People pass out from drinking all the time. It’s nothing to worry about. â€Å"†¦ Alcohol is a central nervous system depressant that works to slow down the heart rate, lower your blood pressure, and slow your breathing rate.Once your brain has been depressed eno ugh by the alcohol, you pass out. â€Å"Alcohol Myths. † (2006). Loyola Marymount University. 30 January 2008. â€Å"Based on published studies, Roizen (3) summarized the percentages of violent offenders who were drinking at the time of the offense as follows: up to 86 percent of homicide offenders, 37 percent of assault offenders, 60 percent of sexual offenders, up to 57 percent of men and 27 percent of women involved in marital violence, and 13 percent of child abusers†¦. Direct Effects of Alcohol.Alcohol may encourage aggression or violence by disrupting normal brain function. According to the disinhibition hypothesis, for example, alcohol weakens brain mechanisms that normally restrain impulsive behaviors, including inappropriate aggression (5). By impairing information processing, alcohol can also lead a person to misjudge social cues, thereby overreacting to a perceived threat (6). Simultaneously, a narrowing of attention may lead to an inaccurate assessment of t he future risks of acting on an immediate violent impulse (7)† â€Å"Alcohol, Violence, and Aggression. † October 1997. Alcohol Alert. 38. 29 January 2008.National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. The Dangers of Alcohol Alcohol is the third leading cause of mortality in the United States, and is responsible for approximately 100,000 preventable deaths per year†¦. alcohol abuse can cause long term problems in virtually every organ system in your body including: 4. Cancers of the mouth, throat, larynx, and esophagus 5. Stomach ulcers and bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract 6. Pancreatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, and liver cancer 7. Hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, and congestive heart failure8. Sexual dysfunction, including loss of libido and impotence 9. Peripheral nerve problems 10. Increased susceptibility to infections Berman, James. January 2003. â€Å"Alcohol and drug addiction†. University of Pennsylvania Health System. 29 January 2008 Alcohol (wine, beer, or liquor) is the leading known preventable cause of mental and physical birth defects in the United States. When a woman drinks alcohol during pregnancy, she risks giving birth to a child who will pay the price — in mental and physical deficiencies — for his or her entire life.Yet many pregnant women do drink alcohol. It's estimated that each year in the United States, 1 in every 750 infants is born with a pattern of physical, developmental, and functional problems referred to as fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), while another 40,000 are born with fetal alcohol effects (FAE). â€Å"Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. † 2008. Nemours Foundation. 30 January 2008. In the 1890 the Temperance movement swept across the United States preaching that alcohol was immoral and destroyed family life. This movement radically altered peoples views†¦In 1920 America saw prohibition in an effort to prevent the social problems caused by alcohol abuse. This cause d a surge in gangster brawls as gangs fought to take control of distributing alcohol on the black market†¦. However, this trend slowly started to alter as physicians started to link alcohol to a number of diseases and social problems. By the early 1900 Dr Rush documented the addictive behaviour of alcohol and in 1935 Alcoholic Anonymous was set up. â€Å"History of Alcohol. † (n. d). 30 January 2008 Alcohol-related motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of death in teenagers. People who drink alcohol are more likely to engage in high-risk sexual behavior, have poor grades or job performance, use tobacco products, and experiment with illegal drugs. Long-term heavy drinking damages the liver, nervous system, heart, and brain. It also can lead to high blood pressure, stomach problems, medicine interactions, sexual problems, osteoporosis, and cancer. Nissl, Ian. 23 February 2007. â€Å"Alcohol and Drug Problems. † Peace Health. 29 January 2008. â€Å"Alcohol triggers the release of dopamine – a chemical which produces feelings of satisfaction. It also increases the production of the brain's natural painkiller – endorphin – which scientists think could be the means by which the brain becomes trained to crave. † Ryan, Caroline. Why alcohol is addictive. 15 March 2004. BBC News. 30 January 2008. http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/health/3537387. stm 73% reported feelings of anxiety, fear, and depression†¦ Heavy drinking at the workplace may potentially lower productivity.Sickness absences associated with harmful use of alcohol and alcohol dependence entails a substantial cost to employees and social security systems. There is ample evidence that people with alcohol dependence and problem drinkers have higher rates of sickness absence than other employees†¦. lower performance, lack of self-direction and problems in personal relations were found to be related to heavy drinking, particularly when collateral re ports were used. †¦ alcoholism has had adverse impacts on productivity in the workplace and increased absenteeism†¦.It is estimated that drinking and alcoholism have reduced labor productivity by some 10%†¦ Drinking can impair performance as a parent, as spouse or partner, and as a contributor to household functioning†¦. In many societies, drinking may be carried out primarily outside the family and the home†¦. Drinking also costs money and can impact upon resources particularly of a poor family, leaving other family members destitute. Scientific Facts on Alcohol. † (2008). Green Facts. 29 January 2008. Americans during the time of the American Revolution, for the most part showed little concern over drunkenness, and spiritous liquors had become the greatest factors in colonial commerce†¦. To expand the sale of beer, brewers expanded the number of saloons. Saloons proliferated. It was not uncommon to find one saloon for every 150 or 200 Americans, including those who did not drink. Hard-pressed to earn profits, saloonkeepers sometimes introduced vices such as gambling and prostitution into their establishments in an attempt to earn profits. Many Americans considered saloons offensive, noxious institutions†¦Prohibition in the United States was a measure designed to reduce drinking by eliminating the businesses that manufactured, distributed, and sold alcoholic beverages. The Eighteenth Amendment to the U. S. Constitution took away license to do business from the brewers, distillers, vintners, and the wholesale and retail sellers of alcoholic beverages†¦. The bootleggers (named after the practice adopted by travelers in the Midwest in the 1880's, who concealed liquor in their boots when trading with Indians) began by importing booze over the Mexican and Canadian borders, and from the Caribbean†¦When Prohibition was repealed in 1933, an elaborate syndicate of organized crime, built on the multi-million dollar boo tlegging industry, had survived. The American Mafia branched out into narcotics, gambling, prostitution, loan sharking and extortion, concerns they still control today. â€Å"The History of Alcohol. † (2005). Drug-Rehabs. org 30 January 2008. â€Å"National prohibition of alcohol (1920-33)–the â€Å"noble experiment†Ã¢â‚¬â€œwas undertaken to reduce crime and corruption, solve social problems, reduce the tax burden created by prisons and poorhouses, and improve health and hygiene in America.The results of that experiment clearly indicate that it was a miserable failure on all counts. † Thornton, M. (1991). â€Å"Alcohol prohibition was a failure. † CATO institute. 30 January 2008. â€Å"In the 1600 and 1700's, there were very few things available to drink. One did not want to take a lot of chances with the water and the unpasteurized milk of the time. Also, coffee and tea were expensive items, which left people of the time with one alternative, a lcohol†¦.By the 1820's the average American was drinking 7 gallons of pure alcohol†¦. Criminal groups organize around the steady source of income provided by laws against victimless crimes such as consuming alcohol or drugs, gambling and prostitution. In the process of providing goods and services those criminal organizations resort to real crimes in defense of sales terrorities, brand names, and labor contracts† â€Å"What in American's history could lead to prohibition? † (n. d). 30 January 2008. â€Å"It is impossible to treat depression whilst someone is drinking as the alcohol has the opposite action to the drugs prescribed for depression and of course alcohol itself being a depressant may actually be causing the symptoms rather than treating them†¦. If people find they are frequently using alcohol to cope with stressful and worrying situations in their lives then they may need to consider finding another way of dealing with stress or to face the p roblem and deal with it rather than avoiding it.Alcohol cannot solve these problems and will always cause more problems of its own in terms of health and money etc. In situations such as bereavement or relationship break ups, it actually delays the healing process because the people aren’t giving themselves a chance to heal†¦. † Why Do People Drink Alcohol? (n. d) 30 January 2008. Suicide 3. One study showed that 40% of alcoholic women attempted to commit suicide, compared to 8. 8% of non-alcoholic women. 10 4.Younger women who are alcoholics are nearly twice as likely to attempt to commit suicide (50. 5%) than older women who are alcoholics (25. 5%). 10 Victimization13 2. 57% of female victims of intimate violence (i. e. , current or former spouses, boyfriends, etc. ) reported that the offender had been drinking at the time of the offense. 3. 62% of female victims of alcohol-related violence reported experiencing some form of injury. Women and Alcohol. (2006). Lo yola Marymount University. 30 January 2008.